Genetic Information Might Help Predict Probability of Survival Following Chemotherapy for Cancer Of The Breast

Growth and development of a predictive test that incorporated genomic signatures that indicated chemoresistance, chemosensitivity and endocrine sensitivity for ladies with recently identified cancer of the breast recognized patients having a high possibility of survival following chemotherapy, based on research within the May 11 problem of JAMA.
Identification of patients rich in probability of survival carrying out a standard chemotherapy regimen (after which endocrine therapy, if oestrogen receptor [ER]-positive) would reaffirm cure decision regarding using chemotherapy. "On the other hand, identification of individuals with significant chance of relapse despite standard chemotherapy could be employed to advise participation within an appropriate medical trial of potentially more efficient treatment," based on history within the article.
Christos Hatzis, Ph.D., of Nuvera Biosciences Corporation., Woburn, Mass., and co-workers carried out research, from June 2000 to March 2010, to build up a predictor of response and survival from chemotherapy for patients with invasive breast cancer. Patients were individuals with recently identified ERBB2 (HER2 or HER2/neu)-negative cancer of the breast given chemotherapy that contains consecutive taxane and anthracycline-based regimens (then endocrine therapy if oestrogen receptor-positive). Different predictive signatures for resistance and reaction to preoperative chemotherapy were developed from gene expression microarrays (special kind of testing) of recently identified cancer of the breast (n = 310 patients). Cancer of the breast treatment sensitivity was predicted while using mixture of signatures for sensitivity to endocrine therapy, chemoresistance, and chemosensitivity, with independent validation (198 patients) and comparison along with other reported genomic predictors of chemotherapy response.
The scientists discovered that the chemopredictive test formula had an optimistic predictive value (PPV) of 56 percent for conjecture of pathologic response after excluding patients with predicted endocrine sensitivity. In 28 percent of patients predicted to become treatment sensitive, the three-year distant relapse-free survival (DRFS) was 92 percent, and there is a complete risk reduction (ARR) of 18 percent. Patients predicted to become treatment sensitive were built with a 5-fold decrease in the chance of distant relapse. "Overall, there is a substantial association between predicted sensitivity to treatment and enhanced DRFS," the authors write.
Treatment sensitivity was predicted in 37 of 123 patients (30 %) within the ER-positive phenotypic subgroup as well as in 19 of 74 (26 %) within the ER-negative subgroup. Within the ER-positive subgroup, these patients were built with a DRFS of 97 percent along with a significant ARR of 11 percent at three years of follow-up. Patients with ER-negative cancer predicted to become treatment sensitive had considerably enhanced 3-year DRFS of 83 percent, an ARR of 26 % and an optimistic predictive value for pathologic response of 83 percent.
The scientists observe that other genomic predictors demonstrated paradoxically worse survival for patients predicted to become attentive to chemotherapy.
"Any test according to predicted sensitivity, resistance, or both to steer picking a a typical adjuvant treatment regimen should predict a higher possibility of survival for patients predicted to become treatment sensitive (negative predictive value, no relapse if predicted to become treatment sensitive) along with a scientifically significant survival distinction between patients predicted to become treatment sensitive and insensitive (ARR) in addition to enhance forecasts using existing clinical-pathological information. The performance in our predictive test meets these criteria within an independent validation cohort," the authors write.
The scientists include that a predictive test with this particular performance may potentially assist medical decision-making as it may identify patients with stage II-III, ER-positive and ERBB2-negative breast cancer with excellent 3-year and 5-year DRFS (97 percent) carrying out a standard adjuvant treatment.
The authors conclude that it's "important to still assess the predictive precision of the test in validation studies."

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Posted in ERBB2-negative breast cancer , invasive breast cancer.

Therapy Seems to lessen Rate of Chemotherapy-Caused Early Menopause for ladies With Cancer Of The Breast

Temporarily controlling ovarian function with utilisation of the hormone analogue triptorelin reduced the appearance of early menopause caused by chemotherapy among women with cancer of the breast, based on research within the This summer 20 problem of JAMA.
Roughly 6 percent of women with breast cancer are identified before 40 years old years, with nearly all youthful patients receiving systemic treatment with chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, or both. Chemotherapy regimens are connected by having an incidence of lengthy-term amenorrhea (lack of the monthly period) with a minimum of 40 %, based on history within the article. No standard methods for stopping chemotherapy-caused ovarian failure are yet available. Preclinical data have recommended that temporary ovarian suppression having a gonadotropin (the body's hormones which are secreted through the anterior pituitary gland)-delivering hormone (GnRH) analogue (chemical compound) throughout chemotherapy reduces ovarian toxicity.
Lucia Del Mastro, M.D., from the Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italia, and co-workers carried out a phase 3 trial made to measure the effectiveness of temporary ovarian suppression caused through the GnRH analogue triptorelin in lessening the incidence of early menopause in youthful women with cancer of the breast going through supplemental or neoadjuvant (i.e., given before surgery for cancer of the breast) chemotherapy. The randomized trial was carried out at 16 sites in Italia and enrolled 281 patients between October 2003 and The month of january 2008. The patients were premenopausal women with stage I through III cancer of the breast who have been candidates for adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Prior to starting chemotherapy, patients were at random allotted to get chemotherapy alone or coupled with triptorelin, that was given intramuscularly a minimum of 7 days before the beginning of chemotherapy after which every 4 days throughout chemotherapy.
Following the patients received treatment as indicated within the trial, the scientists discovered that the speed of early menopause was 25.9 percent within the chemotherapy-alone group and 8.9 percent within the chemotherapy plus triptorelin group, a complete difference of 17 %. The amount required to treat (i.e., the amount of patients that should be given triptorelin to avoid early menopause in 1 patient) was 6. Further analysis demonstrated that only treatment with triptorelin was connected having a significant decrease in the chance of developing early menopause. Patient age and the kind of chemotherapy didn't considerably modify the risk.
Resumption of menses was noticed in 60 patients within the chemotherapy-alone group (49.6 percent) as well as in 88 within the chemotherapy plus triptorelin group (63.3 %).
"To conclude, our results claim that temporarily controlling ovarian function by giving triptorelin cuts down on the incidence of chemotherapy-caused early menopause. Laser hair removal can therefore be provided to premenopausal patients with cancer of the breast who would like to decrease the chance of permanent ovarian failure connected with chemotherapy," the authors write.
Editorial: Lowering the Lengthy-term Results of Chemotherapy in Youthful Women With Early-Stage Breast Cancer.
Within an associated editorial, Hope S. Rugo, M.D., and Mitchell P. Rosen, M.D., from the College of California, Bay Area, write the data reported within this study represent an essential and encouraging addition to study regarding ovarian upkeep for ladies within this difficult situation.
"Considering the fact that patients with hormone receptor-positive disease in the present study who had proof of ovarian recovery were immediately covered up without data on lengthy-term recovery which cancer of the breast outcome data aren't available, and given too the possibility negative effects on disease outcome, using GnRH agonists concomitant [simultaneously with chemotherapy can't be suggested like a standard treatment and really should be contacted with caution in females with hormone-sensitive disease."
"Worldwide recommendations recommend discussion of love and fertility options before beginning chemotherapy, so when possible before surgery, to permit optimal timing for consultation and oocyte [ovum] cropping. When achievable, as well as for patients with hormone-insensitive disease, GnRH agonist therapy to suppress ovarian function throughout chemotherapy is the one other treatment that may potentially expand fertility options. Although recuperating menses is different then fertility upkeep, it's a measure within the right direction."

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Posted in Early-Stage Breast Cancer

Is 'Breast Only' for First Six Several weeks Best?

Current guidance counseling moms within the United kingdom to solely breastfeed for that first six several weeks of the baby's existence has been asked by child health experts about the British Medical Journal website.
The authors, brought by Dr Mary Fewtrell, a consultant paediatrician in the UCL Institute of Child Health working in london, have examined evidence behind the present guidance and say it's about time to reappraise this recommendation.
The scientists stress that although they fully back exclusive breastfeeding at the start of existence, they're concerned that solely doing this for six several weeks and never presenting other meals might not continually be within the child's needs.
In 2001 the planet Health Organisation (WHO) made its global recommendation that infants ought to be solely breast given for that first six several weeks. Many western nations didn't follow this recommendation however in 2003 the United kingdom health minister introduced the United kingdom would comply.
Fewtrell and co-workers support six several weeks exclusive breastfeeding in less developed nations where use of water that is clean and safe weaning meals is restricted and there's a bad risk of infant dying and illness. Nonetheless they have bookings about if the WHO's guidance about when you should introduce other meals suits the United kingdom.
The WHO's recommendation that moms should breastfeed solely for six several weeks is basically with different systematic review carried out in 2000 that considered existing research in this region, the authors. This review came to the conclusion that solely breast given babies have less infections which the babies experience no growth problems.
Dr Fewtrell argues the evidence that breast milk alone provides sufficient diet for six several weeks is questionable. She states there's a greater chance of an iron deficiency anaemia if babies are solely breast given which there may be a greater incidence of coeliac disease and food allergic reactions if youngsters are not brought to certain solid meals before six several weeks.
The authors also fear that prolonged exclusive breastfeeding may lessen the window for presenting new tastes, particularly bitter taste which might be essential in the later acceptance of eco-friendly leafy veggies. This may encourage unhealthy eating in later existence and result in weight problems, they are saying.
Fewtrell and co-workers conclude that it's time to evaluate the UK's guidance within the light from the evidence which has built on this problem during the last 10 years.

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Sporadic Breast Cancer Begin With Ineffective DNA Repair Systems

Reserach has centered on familial breast cancer, simply since the predisposing genes happen to be well-indicated and ladies in danger could be recognized, stated Jean J. Latimer, Ph.D., assistant professor of obstetrics, gynecology and reproductive sciences at Pitt's Med school. However these cases only comprise 15 % from the 190,000 breast cancer which are identified each year.
Research on sporadic breast cancer has involved using available cell lines based on late-stage growths, but many recently identified growths within the U.S. are stage I, the first type of invasive disease.
"We has the capacity to grow stage I cancer of the breast cells - before they've spread to adjacent tissue and lymph nodes - permitting us to look at the systems that underlie cancer rise in individuals who did not inherit a faulty gene," Dr. Latimer stated. "The arrival of innovative tissue engineering techniques has finally managed to get feasible for us to culture these cells to determine which went wrong."
In earlier work, she and her co-workers discovered that breast growth doesn't repair everyday harm to DNA along with other tissue, for example skin. Ultraviolet light, for instance, may cause strains, but a classy system of nucleotide excision repair (NER) proteins trolls the DNA strands to recognize problems and initiate repair processes. Exactly the same system repairs damage triggered by many people environment cancer causing carcinogens, including cigarettes.
"Even just in healthy breast growth, this technique is just about one-fifth competitive with it's in skin," Dr. Latimer noted. "This deficiency could set happens for sporadic cancer development, using the risk growing as we grow older as DNA damage builds up."
For that study, the scientists increased and evaluated 19 sporadic, stage I breast growths place into culture from surgical procedures to check their NER paths. In each and every situation, there is an insufficiency in repair capacity in comparison to disease-free breast growth.
"That's an incredibly consistent feature for cancer that may otherwise appear random within their genesis," Dr. Latimer noted. "We rarely visit a universal rule if this involves cancer of the breast, however so far, we now have rarely analyzed stage I disease."
Some chemotherapy drugs work especially well on cells that exhibit reduced DNA repair, but they're typically succumbed later-stage disease. The brand new findings suggest, however, these approaches might be good at dealing with initial phase disease, she noted.
Co-authors include Jennifer M. Manley, M.D., .D., Very M. Kelly, M.D., .D., Tiffany D. Miles, .D., Kelly A. Beaudrey-Rodgers, M.S., Nancy A. Lalanne, B.S., Victor G. Vogel, M.D., Amal Kanbour-Shakir, M.D., Frederick L. Kelley, M.D., Ronald R. Manley, M.D., and Stephen G. Grant, .D., all the College of Pittsburgh.
The study was funded through the National Institutes of Health, the U.S. Department of Defense, the Pennsylvania Department of Health, the Komen for that Cure Honours, and also the American Cancer Society.

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Posted in sporadic breast cancer

Medical Trial to treat Cancer Of The Breast Using CyberKnife Released

Breast cancer patient Kristin Wiginton is the first one to be treated at UT North western Clinic rich in-beam radiation while using Accuray CyberKnife System, that provides enhanced cosmetic results, less radiation contact with surrounding tissue along with a shorter treatment period.
Dr. Wiginton is one kind of 45 participants inside a UT North western-based medical trial -- the very first available within the Southwest -- looking into utilisation of the radiation delivery system for cancer of the breast. Her publish-lumpectomy therapy survived one-third the duration of the radiation session for any breast-cancer patient.
While CyberKnife has been utilized at UT North western since 1997, it mainly continues to be specific for growths from the brain and spine.
"If the hadn't exercised for me personally, I'd have gone with six . 5 days of traditional radiation," stated Dr. Wiginton, 45, an connect professor of health studies at Texas Woman's College.
Rather, her treatment required under two days and comprised of 5 90-minute periods every 2 to 3 days. Her final treatment was February. 3 at UT North western College Hospital -- Zale Lipshy.
Radiotherapy carrying out a lumpectomy is generally suggested to get rid of potential residual cancer, stated Dr. Robert Timmerman, professor of radiation oncology and nerve surgery who's leading the research. Current radiation methods for cancer of the breast, however, could be lengthy and uncomfortable. Shorter courses dealing with more compact breast volumes, known as partial breast irradiation, have proven considerable promise in studies, he stated. The most typical partial breast irradiation approach, brachytherapy, takes a catheter implant using a surgical treatment. Permanently provides the therapy using conventional radiotherapy equipment but can lead to less-pleasing cosmetic results.
Dr. Wiginton referred to her first CyberKnife session as painless. Though a little tired, she stated the therapy wasn't uncomfortable and she or he spent more often than not listing to music on her behalf ipod device.
"It's not necessary to be worried about moving an excessive amount of, since you they fit right into a mold," she stated, mentioning to some special padded mattress she rested on throughout the process.
The trial's protocol has been completed along with experts within the UT North western Center for Breast Care in the Harold C. Simmons Cancer Center, the only real National Cancer Institute-designated center in North Texas.
Patients planning for CyberKnife radiation remedies have minute gold seed markers known as fiducials inserted round the affected breast growth. The CyberKnife's image-led system tracks the fiducials to provide radiation towards the area, including moving with each breath taken through the patient.
Rather than standard radiotherapy systems that need heavy equipment with limited ability to move and beam direction, CyberKnife utilizes a lighter linear accelerator on the robot arm to concentrate multiple beams of radiation having a millimeter precision, while departing surrounding healthy tissue unscathed.
"The impetus with this protocol would be to avoid that invasiveness while still achieving excellent cosmetic results," stated Dr. Timmerman, mentioning towards the typical brachytherapy procedure. "This provides the equivalent radiation, however in a noninvasive way. Each [CyberKnife-shipped] beam is extremely weak, therefore it causes hardly any entry damage. It'll move about to 200 different positions."
Qualified participants should have localized early-stage cancer of the breast, should have effectively went through a lumpectomy and become a minimum of 18 years of age. Patients is going to be examined within the next ten years to see if they remain cancer-free, for potential cosmetic alterations in the breast and then any unexpected effects that could develop from radiation treatment.
Dr. Wiginton, known for that study by Dr. Serta Garwood, connect professor of radiation oncology, stated she hopes the process is going to be effective and provide new radiotherapy choices for breast cancer patients.
Because cardiovascular disease went her family, traditional radiotherapy wasn't the ideal choice for Dr. Wiginton because of potential harm to surrounding tissue, such as the heart. CyberKnife's precision greatly lessened that risk.
"If they are prepared to apply it to brain cancer, I believe it is a fairly safe wager to make use of inside a breast," Dr. Wiginton stated.

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Posted in Breast cancer patients

More Fruits and Veggies Unlikely to Safeguard Against Cancer, Study Indicates

There's no convincing evidence that consuming more fruit and veggies can help to eliminate likelihood of developing cancer, even though they are essential for maintaining a healthy diet plan.
This is the conclusion of the review by an Oxford College researcher that checked out ten years of evidence about the links between fruit and veggies and the introduction of cancer.
The research, released within the British Journal of Cancer, discovered that the only real diet-related factors that certainly affect cancer risk are weight problems and alcohol. Tobacco remains the single greatest reason for cancer.
Professor Tim Key from the Cancer Epidemiology Unit at Oxford College states that although you will find unquestionable benefits in eating fruit and veggies, there's little evidence they safeguard against cancer. However the evidence is indisputable that cancer is strongly associated with being obese or obese and consuming more alcohol compared to suggested daily limits.
He stated: 'Fruit and veggies are a significant part of a healthy diet plan and a useful source of nutrition. But to date the information doesn't prove that eating elevated levels of fruit and veggies offers much protection against cancer.
'But there's strong scientific evidence to exhibit that, after smoking, being obese and alcohol are a couple of the greatest cancer risks.'
Overweight people produce greater amounts of certain the body's hormones than people of the healthy weight which can lead for an elevated risk of breast cancer.
Being obese can improve your chance of other common cancer like bowel, as well as hard-to-treat types of the condition like pancreatic, oesophageal and kidney cancer.
When alcohol is divided through the body it creates a chemical which could damage cells growing the chance of mouth, throat, breast, bowel and liver cancer.
Sara Hiom, director of health information at Cancer Research United kingdom, stated: 'Too couple of people know of the significant cancer risks connected with weight problems and consuming an excessive amount of alcohol. While preventing smoking remains the easiest method to cut your odds of developing cancer, the significance of keeping a proper weight and reducing on alcohol should not be overlooked.
'Keeping alcohol intake to no more than one small drink each day for ladies and 2 small drinks daily for males and keeping weight inside the healthy limits might have a massive impact.'

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Posted in Risk of Breast Cancer

Normal Stem Cells Designed to Look and Behave Like Cancer Stem Cells

Scientists in the College of New York at Chapel Hill Med school, after separating normal stem cells that make up the developing placenta, have given them exactly the same qualities of stem cells connected by having an aggressive kind of cancer of the breast.
The scientific first paves the way for developing novel specific treatments targeted at triple negative cancer of the breast. Known also as TNBC, this can be a highly recurrent tumor that propagates strongly beyond its original site within the breast and has a poor prognosis for patients who've it.
The research is going to be released online on May 6 through the journal Cell Stem Cell.
"We transformed just one amino acidity in normal tissue stem cells, trophoblast stem cells. When they maintained their self-renewal, these mutant stem cells had qualities much like what individuals predict in cancer stem cells: these were highly mobile and highly invasive," stated Gary Manley, PhD, professor and chair of pharmacology at UNC and senior study author. "Nobody has ever isolated a stem cell like this.Inch Manley is another person in the UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center.
In normal development, epithelial stem cells known as trophoblasts take part in the development of placental tissue. To do this, they have to undergo a conversion to tissue-like cells. These then visit the website within the uterus where they revert to some noninvasive tissue cell. "However the mutant trophoblast stem cells produced in our lab, which may normally attack the uterus after which stop, just carry on,Inch Manley stated.
The research brought through the first authors, research assistant professor Amy N. Abell, PhD and graduate student Nicole Vincent Jordan, both employed in Johnson's lab, demonstrated that much like triple-negative cancer of the breast stem cells, normal tissue stem cells also feel the same program of molecular changes throughout organ development known as epithelial mesenchymal transition, or EMT. This indicates that cancer of the breast cells employ this tissue stem cell molecular program for tumor metastasis, or cancer spread.
The invention is made utilizing a unique mouse type of tissue stem cell EMT coded in the Manley laboratory. The research recognized two proteins that regulate the expression of specific genes in tissue stem cells throughout organ development that control normal EMT. Inactivation from the proteins MAP3K4 and CBP in trophoblast stem cells causes these phones become hyperinvasive.
Together with Aleix Prat, PhD and Charles Perou, PhD within the UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, the study team made another discovery: an overlap between your gene expression signature from the mutant tissue stem cells qualities throughout EMT and also the triple-negative human breast cancer gene signature that's predictive of invasiveness. Exactly the same genes were downregulated.
"This significant genetic intersection between tissue stem cells and TNBC has recognized formerly unacknowledged genes that likely lead to breast cancer metastasis," stated Manley. "This recently recognized gene signature is presently being looked into in various types of cancer of the breast with the aim of developing new therapeutic interventions for treating TNBC."
Other UNC coauthors are Alicia A. Midland, Nancy L. Manley, Deborah A. Granger, Piotr A. Mieczkowski, and Shawn M. Gomez. Coauthors in the National Institute of Environment Health Sciences are Weichung Huang and Leiping Li.
The study was supported simply through the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, a part of the nation's Institutes of Health.

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Posted in breast cancer metastasis

Researchers Bring Cancer Cells Back In Check

Researchers in the College of Nottingham have introduced cancer cells back under normal control -- by reactivating their cancer suppressor genes. The invention could form a effective new technology platform for treatment of cancer of the breast along with other cancer.
Cancer of the breast is identified within 1.4 million women around the world each year, with 500, 000 dying in the disease. A standard reason for cancer happens when cells are changed or mutated and also the body's tumor suppressor genes are turned off.
Research, released within the journal Molecular Cancer, discloses how Dr Cinzia Allegrucci in the School of Veterinary Science and Medicine and Dr Andrew Manley within the Center for Genetics and Genomics reactivated tumor suppressor genes and stopped cancer from growing by dealing with all of them with Axolotl oocyte extract. After two months there is still no proof of tumor.
Cancer occur once the systems that control normal cell division are mutated. The entire process of cell division is controlled by specific genes which are switched "on" or "off" based on their function. One of the most important of those genes are tumor suppressor genes. These genes repress the introduction of cancer and normally behave as a control reason for the cell division cycle. Therefore, the switching from tumor suppressor genes is a very common reason for cancer, including cancer of the breast.
Dr Allegrucci, a lecturer in molecular genetics and cell biology, stated: "The on/off switch in genes is controlled through the modification of proteins which are certain to the DNA inside a cell -- so known as epigenetic modifications. Tumor suppressor genes in several breast cancer are turned off by epigenetic marks, the underlying reason for tumours. We searched for to reverse this method, initiating the tumor suppressor genes, in hope of preventing cancerous cell divisions."
Dr Manley stated: "To get this done we used novel technology that utilizes the eggs from the axolotl salamander. Through the years Dr Johnson's lab has proven that humans developed from creatures that carefully resemble axolotls, and due to this the proteins in axolotls are much like individuals in humans. Axolotl oocytes -- what are eggs just before ovulation -- are full of molecules which have very effective epigenetic modifying activity. Formerly Johnson's lab demonstrated that extracts prepared from all of these oocytes have effective chance to change epigenetic marks about the DNA of human cells.
And, inside a breakthrough, they demonstrated you should use oocytes in the ovary, if the oocytes are ovulated these activities are lost. We believed that by dealing with cancer cells with extracts produced from axolotl oocytes we're able to turn back epigenetic marks on tumor suppressor genes, leading to these genes to reboot, and therefore preventing the cancerous cell growth."
The identification from the proteins accountable for this tumor curing activity in axolotl oocytes is really a major goal of future research that could form a effective new technology platform for treatment of breast cancer, along with other tissue.

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Posted in treatment of breast cancer

Cardiovascular Disease Competes With Cancer Of The Breast as Greatest Killer in Older Women

Cancer of the breast makes up about almost another of cancer cases reported in females. However advances within the strategy to cancer of the breast, and early recognition, have enhanced the likelihood of survival in the disease. New information released in BioMed Central's open access journal Breast Cancer Research have discovered that sixty-six per cent of ladies with cancer of the breast died using their company causes which over the size of the research coronary disease was the key reason for dying.
Cancer of the breast has become the most typical cancer within the United kingdom affecting one out of eight women with eight from ten of those women being 50 plus. Scientists in the College of Colorado analysed data in the SEER-Medicare insurance database and adopted over 60,000 women within the U . s . States, who have been a minimum of 66 years of age, from cancer of the breast diagnosis for approximately 12 years. Nearly half from the women remained as alive in the finish from the study. Of individuals who died, living normally to some respectable 83, a lot more than sixty-six per cent died from causes apart from cancer of the breast. Actually coronary disease wiped out more  women with breast cancer compared to cancer itself.
Women identified in a more youthful age, women having a high tumor grade or ER negative status, were in the finest chance of dying using their disease. But, during the period of the research, it had been discovered that older women, who have been more prone to produce other health issues caused by previous cancer, coronary disease, emphysema, chronic bronchitis, or diabetes, were probably the most prone to die from causes apart from their cancer. The pattern of reasons for dying of these women matches that seen among older women within the general population, with coronary disease being the surface of the list.
Jennifer Patnaik, from College of Colorado Colorado, stated, "Cancer is really a large killer and accounts for in regards to a quarter of deaths. However cancer of the breast isn't always a dying sentence and patients have to take proper care of their own health to lower their chance of dying from cardiovascular disease along with other age-related illnesses."

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Posted in Breast Cancer Research

Coffee may Reduce the Risk of Breast Cancer

Scientists from Sweden in comparison lifestyle factors and occasional consumption between women with cancer of the breast and age-matched up women without. They discovered that coffee consumers were built with a lower incidence of cancer of the breast than ladies who rarely drank coffee. Nonetheless they also discovered that several lifestyle factors affected cancer of the breast rates, for example age at menopause, exercise, weight, education, along with a genealogy of cancer of the breast. After they had modified their data to take into account other factors they discovered that the protective effect of coffee on cancer of the breast was just measurable for ER-negative cancer of the breast.
The group from Karolinska Institutet described that, "There's frequently conflicting details about the advantageous results of coffee -- whenever we in comparison our leads to what German study we learned that their data demonstrated exactly the same trend, however the relationship was much less strong. We recommend this might have something related to how a coffee was prepared, or the kind of bean preferred. It's unlikely the protective effect is because of phytoestrogens contained in coffee since there is no decrease in the incidence of ER-positive cancer within this study."
So even though it is apparent that coffee might have advantageous effects in safeguarding women from ER negative cancer of the breast the precise mechanism and compounds involved are not obvious and never all kinds of coffee are identical.

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Posted in Risk of Breast Cancer

Smoking Increases Chance of Dying in females With Cancer Of The Breast, Study Finds

As being a current smoker or getting past smoking considerably elevated the chance of cancer of the breast progression and overall dying among several multiethnic women with cancer of the breast, based on the results of a big prospective cohort study.
"We discovered that ladies who are current people who smoke or have good reputation for smoking were built with a 39 percent greater rate of dying from cancer of the breast, despite we required into consideration several known prognostic factors including clinical, socioeconomic and behavior factors," stated Dejana Braithwaite, Ph.D, assistant professor, division of cancer epidemiology, department of epidemiology and biostatistics in the College of California, Bay Area.
Scientists presented these results in the Ninth Annual AACR Frontiers in Cancer Prevention Research Conference, held November. 7-10 in Philadelphia.
Although smoking is connected with cancer of the lung and suggested as a factor in a number of other cancer, it's unclear what effect smoking is wearing cancer of the breast, based on Braithwaite.
"Particularly, it's unclear how lengthy women live following cancer of the breast diagnosis and whether smoking increases the chance of dying due to cancer of the breast progression or whether there's a connection between smoking and existence expectancy following cancer of the breast diagnosis that actually works through affecting non-cancer of the breast reasons for dying," she stated.
Therefore, Braithwaite and co-workers set to examine the connection between smoking and the chance of dying because of cancer of the breast progression or non-cancer of the breast reasons for dying inside a large number of women.
They enrolled 2,265 multi-ethnic women identified with cancer of the breast between 1997 and 2000. The ladies were adopted for typically nine years. Scientists examined whether smoking affected dying from cancer of the breast, non-cancer of the breast related causes and dying all causes.
Results demonstrated that 164 deaths from cancer of the breast and 120 deaths from non-breast cancer causes happened throughout follow-up.
Individuals ladies who had past smoking or who have been current people who smoke also were built with a twofold elevated risk for dying from non-cancer of the breast related causes in comparison with females with cancer of the breast who had never smoked.
An analysis seemed to be carried out to look at whether bmi, molecular cancer of the breast subtype or menopause status modified risk. Ladies who were current or past people who smoke as well as were built with a HER2-negative tumor subtype were built with a 61 percent elevated risk for cancer of the breast dying in comparison with individuals who never smoked. People who smoke having a bmi under 25 kg/m2 had an 83 percent elevated risk for cancer of the breast dying, and postmenopausal women were built with a 47 percent elevated risk for cancer of the breast dying in comparison with individuals who never smoked.
"The implication of the research is it is essential for doctors to enhance quitting smoking efforts, especially among women recently identified with cancer of the breast, to be able to improve cancer of the breast specific final results and all around health final results," Braithwaite stated.

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Posted in HER2-negative tumor

NOS2 Is not Great for ER-Negative Cancer Of The Breast Patients

Breast cancer could be split into different subtypes according to several criteria, including whether they express the protein that the feminine hormone oestrogen binds that's, the oestrogen receptor (ER). Patients with ER-negative breast growths possess a worse outlook than individuals with ER-positive breast tumors.

However, even among ER-negative breast growths, individuals indicated as basal-like would be the most aggressive and hard to treat. New therapeutic targets with this subtype of cancer of the breast are urgently needed.

Now, a team of scientists, brought by Stefan Ambs, in the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, report data that claim that the protein NOS2 might be a good drug target within this context. The information, produced by analysis of human breast cancer samples and cell lines, lead the authors to summarize that high amounts of NOS2 really are a predictor of survival in patients with ER-negative breast growths and also to claim that selective NOS2 inhibitors may be of great benefit to those people.

The study is reported within the Journal of Clinical Analysis.

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Posted in HER2-positive breast cancer

Common sense of breast cancer surgery

Preoperative preparation that needs to be done
Surgery has some risk, so the preoperative preparations, such as: ECG, B-, near-infrared, mammography films, X films, and liver and kidney function tests, urine, feces, blood and other tests, doctors according to the inspection of these treatment options for patients. Therefore, patients should not free to leave the ward after admission, so as not to affect the preoperative examination, delay treatment.
Why the preoperative skin preparation and skin test
Due to surgery from the concept of requirements must be sterile skin preparation, wound surgical wound of breast cancer greater preoperative range of skin to be shaved (mainly axillary), cleaner gasoline required umbilicus, and the bath and shear fingernails, for the operation and make full preparations for personal hygiene. If penicillin, procaine, etc. Patients with a history of drug allergy should be a doctor or a nurse made it clear, to prevent re-occurrence of allergy test done.
The significance of postoperative drainage device
Breast cancer in the ipsilateral breast and a drainage tube armpit of the home, why not? Because radical mastectomy of the axillary lymph node dissection, a large number of lymphatic vessels rupture, lymph fluid can accumulate in the skin, bleeding during surgery may also accumulate in the skin. Therefore, the drainage tube must be installed with continuous suction, thus continuously sucked out of the oozing fluid accumulation, the flap close the wound, is conducive to wound healing and prevent flap necrosis and infection. Therefore, to be fixed after the drainage tube drainage tube is often squeezed to prevent blood clots blocking the drainage tube compression, distortion, and so on. Supine, the turning of the range should not be too large to prevent the drainage tube slippage, maintain drainage tube patency.
Postoperative nutrition needs
Radical mastectomy, a large surgical wound, oozing fluid and more, and fluid consumption is also large, therefore, after due attention to diet, diet rich in digestible protein plus vitamins is appropriate, such as pigeons, cuttlefish, lean meat and a variety of vegetables, fruits, early resumption of the physical body to promote wound healing, and be able to tolerate adjuvant therapy.
* Chemotherapy for stage and need to pay attention to breast cancer side effects of chemotherapy drugs commonly used
As the tumor cells and normal cells lack a fundamental metabolic differences, all of the anti-cancer drugs will inevitably cause damage to normal tissue. The main response to chemotherapy of breast cancer are:
⑴ chemotherapy drugs affect the brain the stomach or vomiting center gives rise to nausea and vomiting.
⑵ doxorubicin in patients with drugs can cause hair loss, heart damage.
Suppress the bone marrow to produce red blood cells ⑶ chemotherapy's ability to make patients feel weakness, fatigue, dizziness or shortness of breath.
⑷ anticancer drugs affect the bone marrow to make white blood cells decreased, while all parts of the body could easily lead to infection, such as oral, skin, lung, intestine.
⑸ Some chemotherapy drugs cause diarrhea affects intestinal cells.
⑹ chemotherapy can be directly caused by constipation, which may reduce activity in patients after chemotherapy, diet caused by the irrational.
⑺ cyclophosphamide may stimulate the bladder cause dysuria, urgency, frequent urination, fever and other symptoms.
Because chemotherapy side effects, it should be more water during chemotherapy to reduce the drugs on kidney damage, the diet is appropriate to light easily digestible foods. As the reaction of the gastrointestinal tract in chemotherapy can listen to music or look at some art books, in order to reduce the fear of drugs and relax the brain to adjust the tension to ensure the smooth progress of chemotherapy.
The significance of postoperative limb functional training
Breast cancer surgery to be removed as pectoralis major muscle and nerve, arm lift surgery difficult, and because of axillary lymph node dissection, resulting in lymphatic flow obstruction, upper extremity edema, upper extremity function after exercise is so important. Exercise should be started early after surgery until after the formation of surgical scar, and then exercise less effective.
Limb functional training points:
⑴ activity 24 hours after the wrist;
⑵ after 1 to 2 days (extensor exercise, the simple act of fist);
⑶ after 2 to 3 days to practice elbow flexion wrist, forearm, elbow flexion and extension movements seat;
⑷ after 3 to 5 days, with the limb ipsilateral hand touch with the ear and shoulder;
⑸ 5 ~ 7 days, exercise shoulder lifting, jumping 90 degrees shoulder flexion;
⑹ 7 ~ 10 days, the exercise limb on the move, to "climb the wall" movement, after the daily increase in physical activity;
⑺ 10 days, to practice "rings" campaign several times a day.
Limb protection
Because lymph node dissection surgery, lymphatic rupture, the lymphatic flow obstruction, postoperative limb edema, if handled properly, easy to merge lymphangitis. Therefore, in peacetime should be noted: (1) is not in limb blood, intravenous; (2) the limb is not heavy lifting; (3) to avoid limb breakage and skin infections; (4) to avoid mosquito bites.

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Posted in breast cancer surgery

Companions of Cancer Of The Breast Patients Are vulnerable to Developing Mood Disorders

A brand new analysis finds that males whose partners have cancer of the breast are in elevated chance of developing mood disorders which are so severe they warrant hospitalization. Released early online in Cancer, a peer-examined journal from the American Cancer Society, the research signifies that physicians should address the mental health of cancer patients' family members.
Illnesses can compromise the mental health of not just affected patients but of the nearest relatives too. Partners particularly are in risk simply because they may go through stressed and might be missing out on emotional, social, and economic support. A couple of small research has recommended that partners of cancer patients frequently develop major psychosocial problems however, data on partners' risk for severe depression is restricted.
Christoffer Johansen MD, PhD, DSc (Mediterranean), from the Institute of Cancer Epidemiology in Copenhagen, Denmark, brought a team that examined how often male partners of ladies with cancer of the breast are put in the hospital with affective disorders, including major depression, bipolar disease, along with other serious mood-changing conditions. The scientists examined data from 1,162,596 males who have been 3 decades or older, were living in Denmark, had no good reputation for hospitalization to have an affective disorder, coupled with resided continuously with similar partner not less than 5 years.
Throughout 13 many years of follow-up, cancer of the breast was identified within the partners of 20,538 males. A hundred 80 of those males were put in the hospital by having an affective disorder. Males whose partners were identified with cancer of the breast were 39 percent more prone to be being put in the hospital by having an affective disorder in comparison with males whose partners was lacking cancer of the breast. Additionally, males whose partners had severe cases of breast cancer were more prone to be put in the hospital than males whose partners had more gentle cases. Males whose partners experienced a relapse were also more prone to develop an affective disorder than individuals whose partners continued to be cancer-free. Males whose partners died after cancer of the breast were built with a 3.6-fold elevated chance of developing an affective disorder in comparison with males whose partners made it.
"An analysis of cancer of the breast not just affects the existence from the patient but could also seriously modify the partner," stated Prof. Johansen. "We recommend that some kind of screening from the partners of cancer patients generally as well as individuals of breast cancer patients particularly for depressive signs and symptoms may be essential for stopping this devastating results of cancer." Prof. Johansen also advocates for integrating partners within the clinical management of cancer.

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Posted in Breast cancer patients , cases of breast cancer

Breast Cancer Metastatic, Recurrent and Symptoms

The signs and symptoms of metastatic and recurrent cancer of the breast rely on just how much cancer has spread. You might have specific physical signs and symptoms, like a lump inside your breast or in your chest wall, bone discomfort, or difficulty breathing. A lot of women don't have signs and symptoms. Recurrent or metastatic cancer of the breast is frequently found before signs and symptoms appear, either on the chest X-ray or included in another test.
Recurrent cancer of the breast
For those who have cancer that recurs within the same area (local recurrence), you might have signs and symptoms for example:
A lump or thickening within the breast, chest wall, or armpit once you have had breast-conserving surgical procedures or a mastectomy. If you notice the skin of the chest looks or feels different.
A general change in the shape or size from the breast or perhaps a dimple or pucker within the skin from the breast.
Discharge or bleeding in the nipple that happens without compressing the nipple (spontaneous discharge).
A general change in the nipple, like a scaly or crusty look or perhaps a nipple that pulls inward (retraction or inversion).
Metastatic cancer of the breast
Signs and symptoms of metastatic breast cancer will rely on the region affected and just how far your cancer of the breast has spread.
Metastatic cancer of the breast signs and symptoms
Area affected Symptom
Breast or chest wall
Lump or thickening inside your breast or beneath your arm
Alterations in shape or size of the breast
Alterations in your skin of the breast or chest wall
Chest wall discomfort
Discharge out of your nipple
Bones, particularly the back, sides, or sternum
Discomfort
Fractures
Constipation
Fatigue
Decreased performance from high calcium levels
Lung area
Difficulty breathing, breathlessness
Cough
Chest wall discomfort
Extreme fatigue
Liver
Nausea
Extreme fatigue
Elevated abdominal girth
Fluid collection (edema) inside your ft and legs
Yellowing or itchiness of your skin
Brain and spinal-cord
Discomfort
Confusion
Loss of memory
Headache
Blurred or double vision
Alternation in the way your skin senses touch, discomfort, or other physical feeling
Trouble speaking or understanding speech
Trouble standing, moving, or walking
Seizures
Inflammatory cancer of the breast
Inflammatory breast cancer is really a specific kind of cancer of the breast which involves your skin from the breast. It happens when cancer of the breast cells and block the lymphatic drainage in the skin from the breast. Signs and symptoms include redness, tenderness, and warmth. Thickening of your skin from the breast (orange peel appearance), rapid breast enhancement, and ridging of your skin from the breast could also occur. Some women could also develop itchiness, bruising, or perhaps a lump within the breast. Visit a picture of inflammatory cancer of the breast.

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Posted in inflammatory breast cancer

Common Guidelines of Treatment for Metastatic Breast Cancer

America received a wonderful bit of news in March 2007. John Edward¡¯s wife, Elizabeth, have been identified with metastatic cancer of the breast. She spoke comfortably, with inner strength, about how exactly she'd requested her husband to carry on his presidential campaign, and just how she desired to campaign by his side. She didn't desire to be most widely known by her illness she wanted, actually, needed, to continue as normally as she could.
Cancer is scheduled by four different stages and metastatic cancer of the breast is understood to be stage 4 also it implies that cancer has spread past the breast and underarm lymph nodes with other area of the body. A different way to explain this would be that the cancer cells have migrated and therefore are now growing outdoors from the original tumor.
The therapy choices for this cancer overlap with dealing with every other cancer. But treatment should be aggressive in line with the stage of the particular disease. Because the phrase metastatic breast cancer is cancer which has spread in the breast with other areas of the body, treatment should be fast and assertive to be able to stop multiplication from the cells to the further locations in your body.
Treatment plans can include surgery in which the cancerous abnormal growths are taken off your body radiation throughout which affected cells are assaulted with pinpoint x-ray technology and chemotherapy which exposes the individual to some span of intravenous drug therapy made to stop the development of cancer cells. Generally, however, a mix of several treatments is going to be used to be able to attain the finest possibility of success. You will find also experimental and holistic treatments that patients frequently try along with other treatments and underneath the guidance of the physician. As the requirements of each patient vary, so the therapy plans.
Inside it, cells break from the breast, circulating with the bloodstream and the lymphatic system. Our body's defense mechanisms attacks these circulating cancer cells. Most don't survive, but when the defense mechanisms malfunctions or perhaps is weak, or another, unknown reason, will often spread towards the bone, then lung and liver next. Cells which have metastasized continue to be cancer of the breast cells, wherever they're based in the body.
Treatment methods are palliative, enhancing quality of existence, reducing signs and symptoms and targeted at stretching a woman¡¯s lifetime. But you will find new remedies coming which are giving more aspire to individuals patients with this particular cancer. A lot of women with this particular illness decide to end up part of a medical trial to be able to access remedies which are not authorized by the Food and drug administration.
If it's ¡°estrogen-receptive,?hormonal treatments like the drug Herceptin could be lifesaving. Chemotherapy is indicated in bone, lung and liver metastases. For bone metastases, radiation and also the drug bisphosphonate are frequently used. For liver and lung metastases, from time to time surgery can be used. For cancer which has spread towards the brain, radiation and surgery are utilized.
So far as anybody knows today, metastatic cancer can¡¯t be healed. Sometimes, remedies can really stop cancer from growing for several weeks or years. When Elizabeth Edwards asserted that they thought her very own may be curable, people took in. She gave a face for this illness ?a loving, brave, smart, face ?that nobody will forget.

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Posted in metastatic breast cancer

Study found out the new treatment for HER2-positive breast cancer

It is reported that, according to the American Association for Cancer Research published in the journal "Clinical Cancer Research" on a laboratory study, when patients with HER2-positive breast cancer, trastuzumab (Herceptin) resistance, they may apply a replacement therapy.
     National Cancer Institute researcher, PharmD, ScD, Jacek Capala and his colleagues designed, manufactured and tested HER2-Affitoxin, which is a combination of HER-2 molecule and a specific affibody modified by bacterial toxins PE38 new protein.
     "HER2-targeted therapy with the current, such as Herceptin is different is that this protein does not interfere with signaling pathways of HER2, but HER2 as a target will pass a modified form of bacterial toxins, toxin specific for the HER2 positive tumor cells when the cells absorb this toxin, it will interfere with protein production, which can kill them, "Capala said.
     At least, these Capala laboratory occurred. In Affitoxin after injection into tumor-bearing mice, even relatively large, aggressive tumor will stop growing, most of which will disappear. This effect is strong enough, so that it is worth a Capala clinical.
     "Herceptin has revolutionized the treatment of patients with HER2-positive breast cancer, but a large number of tumors are resistant to the drug had," Capala said, "Affitoxin tumor in vivo can be for those who no longer respond to the Herceptin patients another treatment option. "

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Posted in HER2-positive breast cancer

90% of HER2-positive breast cancer patients miss treatment opportunity

Women breast cancer incidence in China is currently the highest rate of a disease, has been a serious threat to women's lives and health. In breast cancer patients, 25% to 30% of people are HER2 positive. It is understood that this type of breast cancer recurrence and metastasis rate, and higher risk of death. What they fail to grasp their own lives? Treatment reflects the difficulties behind the kind of social problems? Recently, we approached the HER2-positive breast cancer, visit these special patients who ... ...
Survey: breast cancer in "her" the most vicious
HER2-positive means that the "human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 over-expression", that is: HER2 has been over-active, over-transmission signal to stimulate cell proliferation crazy, so HER2-positive breast cancer patients with a higher degree of malignancy of tumor cells progress faster and more likely to relapse and distant metastasis, and poor results of chemotherapy, the prognosis is even worse in the future.
Military Medical Academy Hospital (307 Hospital) breast oncology, said Professor Jiang Zefei, concepts and ideas because most of the problems with HER2-positive patients did not receive systematic treatment. HER2-positive detection only work to get popular, the patient can be fully diagnosed.
Current medical consensus has been reached: biological targeting therapy of breast cancer is HER2 over-expressing an effective treatment. Use in early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer, targeted therapies for one year, allows early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer recurrence rate has dropped 52 percent, about one-third lower risk of death; for advanced HER2-positive breast cancer patients, targeted treatment reduces the risk of death but also significantly improved quality of life. Therefore, early detection, adopt and adhere to specific treatment is of great significance.
Problems: double obstruction disease and economic pressures
It is reported that China's annual 180,000 breast cancer patients, one third of HER2-positive breast cancer patients. And compared to other breast cancer patients, this type of breast cancer patients with an average survival time is shorter, have a higher rate of recurrence and metastasis. However, the vague awareness of the disease and treatment costs so that this part of the dual problems of patients with a more bumpy road to recovery.
A recent survey showed that China's treatment of patients with HER2-positive breast cancer is not optimistic, because patient did not fully understand the dangers of HER2-positive breast cancer and the need to take specific treatment, only 44.5% of early breast cancer patients and 59.9% of advanced breast cancer patients had HER2 testing. Even if some patients, some people have been only preliminary immunohistochemistry detected a positive sign, and further re-examination failed to confirm. In the United States and Europe, all breast cancer patients after diagnosis of HER2 testing will be done.
China Medical Oncology Hospital, Professor Xu Binghe said: "The positive for HER2 positive early breast cancer, based on the use of conventional treatment for one year in patients with targeted treatment can reduce the risk of recurrence by half, one-third lower risk of death which means that compared with conventional treatment, if the early use of targeted anti-HER2 therapy, patients can save more lives. "
In addition, economic factors are HER2-positive breast cancer patients with another major resistance. Although countries in the field of cancer treatment health insurance policies are becoming mature and well, but because the drug treatment of these patients is not within the scope of national health insurance, many patients give up the targeted therapy.
Focus: research and development or promote breast cancer drug breakthrough into the health insurance
At present, medical treatment for HER2-positive breast cancer have a certain level of improvement. Number of large-scale clinical trials have shown, HER2 over-expressing patients with early breast cancer and targeted therapies for one year, patients reduce the risk of tumor recurrence 52%, 33% lower risk of death, an average of 4 years of treatment observations showed that nearly 90 % of female patients receiving targeted therapy still survive. In other words, assume that a HER2-positive breast cancer patients will relapse after three years, then the application of targeted therapy, the recurrence of her time will be postponed to 6 or even 10 years later; assuming she will lead to relapse after three years of brain metastases, liver transfer, bone metastases, then she can also prevent the migration of these cells, greatly reduce the risk of death one-third.
Such a significant advantage for HER2-positive breast cancer research exciting, but also allow more patients to see hope. However, due to higher cost of targeted therapies and other reasons, targeted therapy in HER2-positive breast cancer application is still in its infancy. It is noteworthy that, in November 2009 the Department of Human Resources and Social Security released a new version of health insurance directory, set both the high-priced Medicare drug negotiation access mechanism. Herceptin is also the first round of negotiations on the list of health insurance, Medicare reimbursement is expected to negotiate access to the directory, effectively alleviate the economic pressure in some patients. Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Professor Liao Ning led by the "HER-2 is mainly composed of carcinoma in situ with invasive ductal carcinoma in situ were independent predictors of" research, and paclitaxel in the field of trastuzumab neoadjuvant treatment studies, strongly confirms the trastuzumab in breast cancer and the effectiveness of targeted therapeutic areas, which will promote its negotiations to enter the Medicare reimbursement by the directory of the process.
Measures: to carry out non-mutual aid, called on the government to participate
In order not to treat HER2-positive breast cancer patients fall into difficulties, in Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and other places, many cancer charities, associations, clubs have sprung up, such as HER2-positive breast cancer education, demonstration centers, care of the club, etc., through a variety of ways to help prolong life in patients with HER2-positive, quality of life. While caring community together to help a considerable number of patients, but because of the lack of mainstream support, the survival status of breast cancer patients did not achieve substantial change. At present, patients with HER2-positive breast cancer treatment using targeted rate of less than 10%, meaning that 10 patients in 9 are helplessly missed treatment opportunities.
In the United States and Europe, Herceptin HER2 overexpressing breast cancer as the standard drug, has been ranked the health insurance directory. In China, with recent socio-economic development and health care reform process accelerated, standard treatment for many cancer drugs have been incorporated into the ranks of Medicare, such as for lung cancer patients, have been related to molecular targeted therapy can achieve some or all of reimbursement, the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer targeted oral chemotherapy drugs have also been included in National Essential Drugs List, greatly reducing the financial burden of patients. Herceptin HER2 overexpressing breast cancer as standard treatment, pharmacoeconomics also has advantages, if the directory will be incorporated into our health insurance is undoubtedly the majority of breast cancer patients with the Gospel.

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Posted in HER2-positive breast cancer

What is triple-negative breast cancer

Triple-negative breast cancer "refers specifically to the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) were negative breast cancer patients. Poor prognosis, 5-year survival rate less than 15% more common in younger patients, visceral metastasis, a higher risk of brain metastasis, histological grade, mostly three, a higher proportion of cell proliferation, c-kit, p53, EGFR expression and more positive for basal cell markers CK5 / 6, CK17 is also more positive for the tumor-invasive, easy to local recurrence and distant metastasis with basal-like breast cancer and the BRCA1 gene mutation in breast cancer have more similar characteristics.
  "Triple-negative breast cancer" endocrine therapy and trastuzumab targeted therapy, the treatment relies on chemotherapy. Compared with other types of breast cancer, triple negative breast cancer patients chemotherapy, radiation sensitivity is higher, but if only the conventional standard treatment, the prognosis is still poor, relapse-free survival and overall survival is low. Some targeted prospective clinical trials currently under way, so most information comes from retrospective subgroup analysis of studies or trials. There is no treatment for triple negative breast cancer guidelines, the treatment is generally poor prognosis of breast cancer by routine, choice of adjuvant chemotherapy with anthracycline taxane solution. Receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy with anthracycline and taxane neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the availability of a higher pathologic complete remission rate. Platinum drugs for neoadjuvant chemotherapy are being studied. Metastatic triple-negative breast cancer, the rapid progression of the disease, palliative chemotherapy study are the following: microtubule stabilizing agent Paclitaxel, Docetaxel, nab-paclitaxel, ixabepilone; carboplatin / cisplatin; anti-angiogenesis Bevacizumab, Sunitinib; EGFR inhibitors Cetuximab, Erlotinib and so on.
  In short, the "triple-negative breast cancer" on the poor efficacy of conventional therapy, high incidence of recurrence and metastasis, survival rate, physicians need to be concerned about cancer and clinical research, new treatment options to be proposed and evaluated.

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Posted in Triple-negative breast cancer

New progress of Triple-negative breast cancer treatment research

Triple-negative breast cancer has a special biological characteristics and clinical and pathological features, occur in younger pre-menopausal women, breast cancer prognosis than other types of poor prognosis, is one of the hot research in recent years, this study of triple-negative breast cancer and treatment progress are discussed.
1 Overview
Triple-negative breast cancer (triple negative breast cancer, TNBC) is the estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER and PR) and HER-2 were negative breast cancer, breast cancer accounts for about 10% to 20.8%, a good in women under age 40, has a special biological behavior and clinical pathological features, clinical manifestations of an aggressive course of disease, high incidence of local recurrence and distant metastasis, poor prognosis than other types of breast cancer, endocrine therapy and targeted therapy invalid.
2 triple-negative breast cancer biology and clinical and pathological features
Triple-negative breast cancer biological characteristics of ductal carcinoma, histological grade and more grade Ⅲ, tumor invasion ability, the high risk of distant metastases, bone metastases compared with visceral metastasis probability is high, a higher incidence of brain metastases, 3 years for the transfer peak.
Yamamoto et al will triple negative breast divided into two types: basal cell-like and non basal-like type. By IHC analysis, CK5 / 6 and EGFR determination to distinguish basal-like type (express CK5 / 6 EGFR) and non-basal-like (did not express CK5 / 6 EGFR). In 39 cases of triple-negative operable breast cancer, 38.5% of basal cell-like type, 61.5% were non-basal-like type. Basal cell-like morphology, including the proportion of high proliferation, with central necrosis and push-type growth boundary. Triple-negative breast cancer is a basal-like subtype of breast cancer between the two is not entirely synonymous, not completely interchangeable.
Tohfe other analysis of 244 cases of breast cancer patients, 16% triple-negative breast cancer, this group of patients in the triple-negative breast cancer patients age, tumor size and number of lymph node metastasis of non-triple-negative breast cancer patients with no significant difference, but histological grade Ⅲ (72% VS28%) and nuclear grade Ⅲ grade (92% VS47%) was significantly higher than non-triple-negative breast cancer patients (P <0.01).
Haffty et al reported 482 cases of breast cancer in 117 cases of triple-negative breast cancer, 5-year survival of patients without lymph node metastasis and distant visceral metastasis rate, triple-negative breast cancer patients compared with non-negative breast cancer patients with three low (72 % and 85%, P <0.05; 94% and 99%, P = 0.05; 68% and 83%, P <0.05).
    Khan et al reported 282 cases of patients of African-American women, 30% triple-negative breast cancer patients, the median age was 57 years, histological Ⅲ / Ⅳ triple-negative breast cancer patients compared with non-high (32% VS20%, P <0.01); median follow-up of 5.5 years, Ⅰ stage breast cancer patients with triple-negative rate of local recurrence compared with non-triple-negative breast cancer patients with relatively high (25% VS10%, P <0.05); Ⅱ stage triple-negative breast cancer patients non-triple-negative breast cancer patients with local recurrence rates were 31% and 13% (P <0.05); Ⅲ period no significant difference; Ⅰ stage breast cancer and non-triple-negative breast cancer morbidity, the DFS was 4.7 years and 8.7 years; Ⅱ period, Ⅲ patients with no difference; Ⅱ stage triple-negative breast cancer and non-triple-negative breast cancer OS were 2.8 and 7 years (P = 0.01); so that the African-American women Ⅰ / Ⅱ stage breast yin cancer patients with a high recurrence rate and low survival characteristics.
Choi et al analyzed 348 cases of breast cancer, triple-negative breast cancer is 19.3%, 12.9% of HR-/HER-2 (+)-type, other ER (+), 5-year survival rates were 88.7%, 83.2%, 94 % (P <0.05), 5-year DFS of (79.7%, 75.1%, 87.4%, P <0.05), multivariate analysis results show that triple-negative breast cancer patients with poor prognosis.
    Dent and other relatively non-triple-negative breast cancer and triple-negative breast cancer patients with clinical symptoms, natural history and prognosis of the disease. 1601 cases, 108 cases of patients with triple-negative breast cancer, accounting for 11.2%, 49% after chemotherapy, non-triple-negative breast cancer patients with 1421 cases, accounting for 88.9%, 26% after chemotherapy. The median follow-up of 8.1 years. Triple-negative breast cancer patients and non-triple-negative breast cancer patients, the median age, histological grade Ⅲ, T <2.0cm, lymph node involvement, respectively, for the (53 years and 57.7 years, P <0.01; 66% and 28%, P <0.01; 36.5% and 62.7%, P <0.01; 54.6% and 45.6%, P <0.05). Triple-negative breast cancer tumor size, lymph node involvement and the relationship between the small (T <1.0cm: 56% LN + VS T ≥ 2.5cm: 50% LN +), non-triple-negative breast cancer patients with lymph node involvement and tumor size (T < 1.0cm: 19% LN + VS T ≥ 2.5cm: 60% LN +). Local recurrence rates were similar in both groups, but the triple-negative breast cancer, distant metastasis rate of 2.6 times the non-triple-negative breast cancer (95% CI, 2.0 ~ 3.5; P <0.01), time to recurrence was 2.6 years and 5 years (P <0.01), triple-negative breast cancer recurrence within three years of the peak, then decline rapidly, distant metastasis rate of 34%; non-triple-negative breast cancer, distant metastasis rate was 24%. Triple-negative breast cancer, non-triple-negative breast cancer death risk 3.2 times, (95% CI, 2.3 ~ 4.5; P <0.01), mortality rates were 42% and 28% (P <0.01), the median relapse to death time was 9 months and 20 months (P <0.05).
    Palmieri et al reported the factors that predict brain metastasis: lymph node-positive, histological grade Ⅲ, ER (-), EGFR (+), HER-2 (+) CK5 / 6 (+), BRCAL (+), young and lung metastasis .
    Hines, etc. compared 118 cases of brain metastases in patients with triple-negative breast cancer patients with non-triple-negative breast cancer prognosis, time to distant metastasis, metastasis to brain metastasis occurs time to time of death and brain metastases diagnosis to the time of death were 15 months (0 to 54) and 24 months (0 ~ 263) (HR1.81, 95% CI, 1.08 ~ 3.02, P <0.05), 3 months (0 to 70) and 11 months (0 - 175) (HR1.70, 95% CI, 1.02 ~ 2.83, P <0.05), 7 months (0-70) and 7 months (0 ~ 111) (HR1.78, 95% CI, 0.98 ~ 3.24, P> 0.05) 26 months (3 to 109) and 49 months (4 ~ 302) (HR2.44, 95% CI, 1.34 ~ 4.45, P <0.01).
3 triple-negative breast cancer treatment progress
Triple-negative breast cancer patients because of endocrine therapy or targeted therapy (trastuzumab) therapy, there is no treatment guidelines for triple-negative breast cancer, so the normal routine standard of care treatment for.
    3.1 neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Carey and other use of AC in the treatment of 107 patients with locally advanced patients with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and found that HER-2 + / ER-breast cancer patients with clinical efficiency of 70%, higher basal-like breast cancer, up to 85%, while the Luminal Breast cancer is only 47% (P <0.01); pCR rate of the three were 36%, 27%, 7% (P = 0.01). However, the higher initial sensitivity to chemotherapy did not translate into a higher survival, the first two of distant metastasis-free survival and overall survival than those in which low (P = 0.04 and 0.02); poor survival and residual lesions of the high recurrence rate was significantly associated (P <0.05). Studies suggest that basal-like and HER-2 + / ER-breast cancer, anthracycline-containing neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer have higher efficiency than the Luminal. Rouzier and other studies have shown that basal-like breast cancers and HER-2 high-expressing breast cancer patients compared with patients with luminal-type breast cancer and nornal-like type of paclitaxel and anthracycline-containing neoadjuvant chemotherapy better. Corelia Liedtke and other experiments on the triple-negative breast cancer patients, the triple-negative patients compared with non-triple-negative breast cancer patients have a higher pathologic complete remission rate (22% vs11%; P <0.05) of triple-negative breast cancer pathologic complete response patients can receive non-triple-negative breast cancer patients with similar survival rates. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in cancer patients still remains in patients with triple-negative breast cancer patients compared with non-triple-negative breast cancer prognosis is significantly worse survival (P <0.01), especially in the first three years of treatment performance was particularly notable. Chang, etc. study of 60 cases Ⅱ, Ⅲ breast cancer after four cycles of neoadjuvant paclitaxel and carboplatin chemotherapy, of which 58 patients underwent surgery, 14 cases of pCR cases, 10 cases triple-negative breast cancer, compared with HR + / HER2-type or HER2 +, triple-negative breast cancer patients with a higher pCR rate.
    3.2 Adjuvant chemotherapy
2007 ASCO meeting reported a high risk for breast cancer may be surgery postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy Ⅲ clinical results. After the experiment divided into two groups, one group AC (60/600mg/m2), 21d for a period, a total of four cycles of sequential treatment given after paclitaxel 175mg/m2, 21d for a period of 4 weeks, another group AP50/200mg/m2, every 3 weeks for 4 cycles) therapy given after sequential paclitaxel (80mg/m2), repeated weekly for 12 weeks, after chemotherapy, endocrine receptor-positive patients receiving treatment. 5-year follow-up found, AC-Taxol 3 weeks group, although the AP-paclitaxel (weekly) 3-year disease-free survival advantage at 5 years is gone (80% vs81%), but the 3-year overall survival advantage when 5 years still exists (87% vs90%, P <0.05). Further analysis, the triple-negative breast cancer patients with more obvious advantages (79% vs87%, P <0.05), these results show for the triple-negative breast cancer patients with paclitaxel have a certain effect, but also a sequential method of treatment delivery to obtain good therapeutic reasons. Burnell, and so analysis of NCIC CTG MA.21 test reports into the group of 2104 cases were 16,123 cases of determination of ER, PR HER2, including triple-negative breast cancer patients was 551 cases, 30.4 months follow-up of patients after 261 cases of recurrence, the COX model analysis, the 3-year RFS was 80.5% triple-negative breast cancer patients, all have measured ER, PR, HER2 patients 86.5% (P <0.01), were not measured for the 87.7% (P <0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that triple-negative breast cancer was significantly lower RFS. Recurrence could not be due to too little analysis of various options on the impact of triple-negative breast cancer.
    3.3 Radiotherapy
BRCA1 germline mutations in breast cancer patients, 90% triple-negative breast cancer. Haffy other on the 442 cases in 100 cases of breast cancer, triple negative breast cancer patients were analyzed to observe the local recurrence and distant metastasis difference. All patients underwent excision of breast-conserving surgery and treatment. As of mid-September 2005, median follow-up 7 years, 442 patients, 50 cases of breast recurrence, 10 cases of lymph node recurrence, 68 cases of distant recurrence, 62 patients died. Compared with other types of breast cancer, triple-negative breast cancer patients with poor overall survival (67% VS75%), distant metastasis-free survival is poor (61% VS75%, P <0.05), specific survival rate is poor (67% VS78%, P <0.05), without lymph node metastasis-free survival is poor (93% VS99%, P <0.05). However, local control rate, triple-negative breast cancer and other types of no difference (83% VS 83%). So that the triple-negative breast cancer patients with tumor resection in breast-conserving surgery and radiotherapy the local recurrence rate and no special increase, triple-negative breast cancer patients demonstrated the sensitivity to radiation, that radiation therapy for local control has some effect .
    3.4 Targeted therapy
    Three lack of ER-negative breast cancer and HER-2 signaling pathway abnormal proliferation of cells driven role in promoting proliferation of these tumor cell proliferation of the specific mechanism is not entirely clear. EGFR overexpression is a feature of triple-negative breast cancer, up to 54%. Animal models of human breast cancer found that cetuximab and paclitaxel have synergistic effect, Gholam so will their combination for triple-negative breast cancer receiving multi-process treatment of skin metastases achieved remarkable results. As the platinum drugs in the special role of triple-negative breast cancer, EGFR antibodies currently used cetuximab monotherapy with carboplatin or cisplatin treatment of advanced triple-negative breast cancer clinical trials are ongoing, and evaluation Eluo Imatinib combined with chemotherapy in the neoadjuvant treatment of breast cancer treatment clinical trials will soon begin.
Dasatinib is an oral small molecule multi-target kinase inhibitor, while the role of the src and abl protein, has been approved by the FDA for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia and Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Part of the pre-clinical experiments showed that the dasatinib sensitivity of triple-negative breast cancer cells. In order to prove its efficacy, has launched its for advanced triple-negative breast cancer clinical trials.
PARP1 is a DNA damage and repair mechanisms - a recovery path in the base quiche a key component. Lack this pathway, DNA single-strand breaks can lead to double-strand breaks, this damage cells in the absence of BRCA1 is not repaired. In vitro experiments have shown that inhibition of PARP1 deletion or mutation of BRCA1 can induce selective apoptosis of cells. PARP1 inhibitors are in early clinical development stage, the three-negative breast cancer may be a promising therapeutic approach.
4 prognosis and outlook
    Triple-negative breast cancer is a high risk of breast cancer, the overall prognosis is poor, and other types of breast cancer prognostic factors are different. Triple-negative breast cancer has a special biological characteristics, pathological characteristics and clinical course. The basal cell markers (CK5 / 6 and 17, etc.), EGFR expression was positive and so, with a high proportion of proliferation, differentiation and poor characteristics, and basal-like breast cancer and BRCA1-related breast cancer have many similar characteristics. BRCA1 gene and because of this unusual tumor, EGFR overexpression, and other signal transduction pathway abnormalities, has launched a study related to the treatment of these targets, we look forward to these studies give the triple-negative breast cancer greater hope to improve the prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer.

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Posted in Triple-negative breast cancer

What are the symptoms of breast cancer

What are breast cancer symptoms? We all know that breast cancer is a malignant disease, the harm to women and the impact is immeasurable, but many breast cancer patients go to hospital for treatment of the disease are mostly in the late , which in addition difficult to detect early symptoms of breast cancer, there is an important reason is that many female friends do not understand what the symptoms of breast cancer, the performance, let Beijing hospital breast cancer experts describe the symptoms!
Experts say breast disease from breast ducts and acinar epithelium at all levels, from the development of breast epithelial hyperplasia atypical hyperplasia and gradual development of carcinoma in situ, early invasive cancer to invasive cancer.
Clinical examination found that the breast symptoms of breast cancer found in mass, mass, texture hard, poor activity, associated with ill-defined nodules, can be unilateral bilateral, the number of single mass, there are multiple, mass are small, the incidence of multi-site in the upper outer quadrant of the breast.
Moreover, the breast cancer site in the depths of the skin changes little from skin cancer in the glands close to the shallow or late stage skin cancer can be found in adhesion, edema, "dimple", varicose ulcers or swelling , satellite nodules, which is breast cancer symptoms!
Symptoms of breast cancer is also reflected in changes in the nipple, nipple skin scaling, erosion, retraction, discharge (bloody or serous); breast milk increases risk profile change, uplift, increased hardening; the majority of breast cancer asymptomatic patients, few have pain, tingling; the most common early symptoms of axillary lymph node, axillary lymph nodes.
Symptoms of breast cancer is the performance of female friends to always be concerned about their health, help themselves from disease, injury, if there are other questions, online consulting Beijing hospital days should be experts in breast!

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Posted in axillary lymph nodes , breast cancer symptoms

What need to pay attention to for breast cancer prevention?

Breast cancer is a serious impact on women's health and even life-threatening one of the most common malignant tumor. Therefore, experts advise women friends have to do the prevention of breast cancer, so prevention of breast cancer need to pay attention to what? Female friends are more concerned about this issue, here we asked the experts to tell you about the precautions to prevent breast cancer.
For the prevention of breast cancer need to pay attention to what the experts say, wearing no bra steel ring can effectively prevent the occurrence of breast cancer, a survey showed that in 200 breast swelling and pain with menstruation among women, 85% of the who wear bras without rims 12 weeks, breast pain symptoms disappeared completely. Although the steel ring can hold up bras breasts, create the perfect breast shape, but it will seriously affect the breast free, period, when breast swelling will naturally cause pain.
In addition, regular walk, to maintain a certain activity, can effectively reduce the growth of human breast cancer cells caused by the body's hormone levels. More than five hours a day if the time to the activities of muscles, your chances of developing breast cancer will be reduced by 31% to 41%. Like the little dog at home? Then take it out for a walk to see it in the running stop run between, you have easily shut out the terrible breast cancer.
Hopefully the above described need to pay attention to the prevention of breast cancer for women to help a friend, a female friend in the daily lives also must pay attention to these matters well, and can do to keep working, I believe we can well prevent breast cancer occurred.

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The best time for breast reconstruction surgery

Breast reconstruction surgery  is the best time is when? This is too many breast cancer and have had breast resection or total removal of the patients want to know about the problem, let's take a look!
In recent years, breast cancer incidence increased gradually, and increasingly younger, more and more female friends want to know about breast reconstruction surgery, breast reconstruction surgery, then the best time is when? Beijing days experts say the hospital should breast breast reconstruction time is divided into immediate and delayed breast reconstruction breast reconstruction in two ways. Immediate breast reconstruction during mastectomy is the surgical repair but also for the breast. Its advantages are: two surgical time to complete, not only reduces time and cost of hospitalization of patients still do not have to experience the psychological pain of losing another breast reconstruction breast shape will be better than the original breast. The surgery for the tumor I, II, III stage patients. Delayed breast reconstruction is generally after 9 months, mainly during this period can be cancer surgery chemotherapy and radiotherapy completion. But if you need to do a lot of patients with advanced radiotherapy and chemotherapy, then surgery is recommended to wait for a stable condition after the decision to delay the implementation of breast reconstruction surgery.
Breast reconstruction surgery is the best time is when? Surely we all understand it, if you have any questions, you can click on Online, Beijing Tian Yi breast Hospital experts will answer you in detail.

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Posted in breast reconstruction

16-20 year-old female smoking is more susceptible to breast cancer

In Asia, the incidence of breast cancer is increasing fastly, women average age of onset 10 years earlier than in Europe and America! In the recently held Asian Breast Cancer Society of the sixth biennial meeting, the experts pointed out that the study found that breast cancer patients, 25% to 30% of the HER2 receptor is over for this type of breast cancer, scientists have found ways to delay its progression.

Asian women, average age of onset of breast cancer 10 years earlier

It is reported that new cases of breast cancer worldwide each year as many as 120 million people in the United States alone each year, 230,000. Breast cancer incidence and level of economic development, race relations and others have, including low incidence of blacks than whites, the more economically developed regions the higher incidence, such as New York, the incidence of districts in more than 100 per 100,000, while in China now has reached 100,000 30.

It should be noted that, although the vast majority of breast cancer patients are women, but men also suffer from breast cancer. Statistics show that in breast cancer patients, 1% were male.

ZHOU Yong-chang, president of the Asian Breast Cancer Society, said that in recent years, the increasing incidence of breast cancer in Asia. Since 1994, breast cancer rates of women living in the first, following lung cancer and colon cancer, the women become the third most deadly cancer. Among them, many European and American women with breast cancer incidence after the age of 50, while the average age of onset of the Asian women at least 10 years. ZHOU Yong-chang said, increasingly higher incidence of breast cancer, related to many factors. Such as urbanization, people face growing pressure, will affect the endocrine conditions, leading to hormonal imbalances, which occur genetic mutations. In addition, bad living habits and environmental pollution also affect the incidence of breast cancer. Studies have shown that women aged 16 to 20 years old smoke, the risk of breast cancer will be more troubles.

HER2 breast cancer, more likely to relapse than other types

ZHOU Yong pointed out that Hong Kong every year about 2000 new cases of breast cancer diagnosis, approximately 25% to 30% is too much HER2 type. HER system consists of four epidermal growth factor receptor, HER1 and HER2 in which growth and survival of cancer cells plays an important role. HER and cancer combined, the two sides "marriage" will give birth to a baby villain - "enzyme", once the enzyme is activated, it passes the signal, so that cancer cells continue to divide multiply, spread havoc in the patient's body. Study, HER2 excessive tumor growth rate faster than other types of breast cancer, women who suffer from breast cancer have a higher recurrence rate, but also more difficult to pre-diagnose the condition, in addition, one-third HER2 over-type women with metastatic breast cancer will develop into brain diffusion. Once breast cancer development to this stage, the progression of the disease is easy to get out of control, starting from the diagnosis, most patients an average of only 20% chance to survive one year.

Scientists find too much HER2-type breast tumors, "nemesis"

For the type of breast cancer treatment, scientists have done a lot of work. ZHOU Yong-chang said, a recent new developments is too much HER2-type breast tumors found a "nemesis." The study found that a new oral drug, its unique small molecules can enter cells, inhibit the enzyme is activated, thus inhibiting growth of cancer cells. The drug in breast cancer patients before and after taking all the more significant results. Taken before surgery may reduce the scope of the cancer lesion, breast-conserving increase the probability of surgery with chemotherapy, radiotherapy and other drugs, can remove the cancer, slow the spread of cancer process. 6000 patients participated in the current global clinical research, found that had received intensive therapy for the proliferation of patients, stable disease period may be extended to 90%, worsening the risk can be reduced by 43% for inflammatory breast cancer, its clinical effective rate was 82%. Reporters learned that, although the drug's tolerability and side effects are relatively small, but a course in the United States approximately 2,000 to $ 3,000, when in the country to achieve localization, reduce production costs, it is unknown.

Tips

Self-week period may prevent breast cancer

ZHOU Yong pointed out that for breast cancer, the most important thing is early prevention and early treatment. Fibrous tumor in the breast and breast hyperplasia, there is 1 / 200 will translate into breast cancer, in particular, need to be careful. Best women in the first week after the menstrual period to do self-test, some hyperplasia occurs during menstruation, most people shrink after the menstrual period, Zhege need to worry about, but there are a few people do not shrink, this happens, it should Danxin and take notice. Women over the age of 40 should be done at least twice per year B-1 X-ray, if you find problems, we must find a specialist referral.

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How long do the patients with advanced breast cancer live?

    Cancer is a systemic disease, local performance, the existence of cancer is ferocious, imperceptible to evade immune surveillance and other features. Can live either with advanced breast cancer, breast cancer as the first, its lethality, mortality remains high. Therefore, many patients with advanced breast cancer and can accelerate to ask live? In fact, patients with early breast cancer have no symptoms, and other physical symptoms reflect the time has come to the late Western medicine that patients with advanced breast cancer survive 3-6 months, but after a Chinese medicine treatment of patients can reach 5 years Even many of the patients had more than a decade. China's strong theoretical foundation of Chinese medicine, drugs widely, as long as the dialectic of rational drug use, does have a good effect.
    First, how long do the patients with advanced breast cancer live?

    1, can live either with advanced breast cancer, breast cancer is currently still the world's chronic disease.Circulating in the medical profession has a saying: a regular doctors, who would dare to say there is no cure for cancer. However, the Tumor Hospital, Zhengzhou Chiffaut Chinese Yuan Xifu for breast cancer part of the rich blood supply, two sets of blood supply, the transfer of fast, rapid growth characteristics, the creation of a professional treatment of cancer "triple balance therapy", lifting the breast cancer many patients with symptoms caused by the original tumor, as the latest breakthrough in traditional Chinese medicine treatment of breast cancer.

    2, can live either with advanced breast cancer, breast cancer is due to the human body's organs and the imbalance of yin and yang, qi and blood, and the external pathogenic factors generated within the body of the pathological factors such as phlegm, moisture, gas, and other relative stasis Bo knot the course of time the formation of cancer drug results. In the etiology of clinical exogenous pathogenic factors in patients with multiple internal injuries and impassioned, eating disorders, more common in the elderly person and spleen decline.

    3, breast cancer treatments "balanced triple therapy" for breast cancer patients is outside the pathogenesis of disorders, the treatment of liver diseases in traditional medicine theory and modern theory of immune cell differentiation and proliferation cycle theory of the latest medical theories combine masteryThe formation of the professional treatment of various malignant tumors of Chinese Medicine. The therapy combines traditional Chinese medicine closely the classic treatment of breast cancer, the pathogenesis of breast cancer is divided into vitality deficiency, blood stasis Phlegm, gather for the cancer drug "virtual", "silt" and "poisonous" three pathogenesis, "seeking this treatment," "Internal and External", to seize the key in the treatment of pathogenesis into consideration and adopt a "righting" "clear" "Qudu" three measures, targeted, focusing on medication.

    4, advanced breast cancer can live? - Breast cancer treatment approach "triple balance therapy" inherit Chinese "conditioning cure" of traditional therapy, with emphasis on the improvement of symptoms rather than to the tumor, to achieve maximum protection of liver function. Meanwhile, the "triple balance therapy" medication, the use of Chinese medicine the spleen qi, consumer guide, Endometriosis and other characteristics of the treatment, AFP decreased to the normal liver function, increase the phagocytic cells, T cells, the efficacy of tumor necrosis factor not only can promote the increase in food intake of patients, eliminating ascites, eliminate jaundice, and can control the tumor continued to grow, so that Chinese medicine to minimize the possibility of complications.

    5 In addition, the "triple balance therapy" patient-centered, focusing on the patient's healing environment, starting from the patient to take home treatment measures. Breast cancer diet, home care, functional training are easy. Familiar environment, you can communicate with neighbors walking, there are problems you can telephone contact directly with the doctor, to reduce the psychological stress of patients with breast cancer.From the pathogenesis, treatment, psychological three-pronged approach to syndrome differentiation, and ultimately enable patients to achieve a fundamental balance between the natural state.

    6, at present, Chinese Cancer Hospital in Zhengzhou Chiffaut way to treat breast cancer, "triple balance therapy" treatment of breast cancer patients, cancer pain will be gone, ascites disappeared, to normal liver function, jaundice, to "take survival "and even" tumor regression, regression, or even "tumor-free survival" purposes. had to survive three to six months in patients who can be extended to 3 to 5 years or even longer, and patients can take care of themselves, to participate in some sports activities.
Second, advanced breast cancer can live? And "triple balance therapy" treatment of cancer has the following advantages

    1, clear and concise: This therapy, in theory, more comprehensive, systematic, objective and reveal the substance of the pathogenesis of cancer patients, treatment Dafa and treatment goals. Completely broken through the past, some single "toxic attack" theory, "is empty" theory, "pyrophlegm theory", "Han Tan on" and "deficiency theory" and "Blood Theory" and other extremely one-sided point of view.

    2, dialectical and flexible: the same is a tumor, the constitution of each patient are different, early, middle and late phases of different, different complications, the performance is not exactly the same. In the treatment, according to the situation, keep the change, both fixed pattern, but also flexible and the other eight principal syndromes dialectical organs, meridians and other dialectical method of combining the whole of "syndrome differentiation" .

    3 compatibility: The Oral and topical treatment can be combined lesions combined with the meridian points medication, treatment and rehabilitation at the same time, due to start from the overall treatment, focusing on the body to adjust the yin and yang balance, so no recurrence after cure, effect lasting stability. In my opinion, surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, the equivalent of "toxic attack" part of "triple balance therapy" can be surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy as a "toxic attack" part of using them properly, can improve the outcome.

    4, green non-toxic, easy to accept patients with: All use of Chinese herbs, pain, low-risk, non-toxic side effects, and can be treated at home, diet, home care, functional training are convenient, familiar environment, can communicate with neighbors walking, psychological security without pressure, if the problem can be linked directly to the phone with the doctor. This family-oriented, user-friendly environment conducive to rehabilitation, patients are easy to accept. Just think, if the patient radiotherapy and chemotherapy, spiritual, psychological pressure, physical, environmental appropriate, the burden of thinking back, the economy is also under pressure, no disease can also press the third disease, the increased number of treatment gave patients a new pain, or even greater than the pain caused by the tumor itself.
Third, advanced breast cancer can live? "Balanced triple therapy" clinical results to your doubts
Miss Jia breast cancer metastasis, 46 Nanyang Oilfield Academy of EngineeringNovember 23, 2009 in 301 hospitals were diagnosed with left breast invasive ductal carcinoma. Then in Nanyang Central Hospital receiving chemotherapy, a treatment after the CT examination revealed lung, double-arm a transfer. Frustration and go to the province of a cancer hospital, after a series of radiotherapy, chemotherapy and other treatments are not ideal, after four years in 2009 to inquire about help Yuanxi Fu, initial major symptoms: fatigue, weight loss, anorexia, hoarseness (radiotherapy by cause), dark purple tongue, chest tightness, wheezing, palpable nodules, two-arm, caused by a provincial cancer hospital, Central Hospital of Nanyang CT examination report shows: invasive ductal carcinoma left breast, lung, double axillary metastasis. According to Yuan Xifu "triple balance therapy" in traditional Chinese medicine, medication 10, fatigue disappears, increased appetite, chest tightness, wheezing symptoms. Continue medication, three of these symptoms were better after treatment improved the condition gradually be controlled. Persist after consolidation therapy, 24 March 2011 to review, CT films showed stable lesions, the patient, such as like normal, without any adverse symptoms. With the patient's own words, not Yuanxi Fu president, I would have in the ground, I would not be here.
       More on the "triple balance therapy" treatment of breast cancer clinical results, please enter: www.yuanxifu.com
Fourth, the concept of six cancer Yuan Xifu
(A), cancer is not one local lesions, but the local manifestation of systemic disease, the treatment focuses on the local, we must attach importance to the whole body treatment.(B), tumor size and survival of patients is not a positive correlation, a large tumor may not survive the short term certainly, tumor size, it may not necessarily long-term survival, while the strength of the rise and fall with the patient survival and quality of life are closely related!(C), rehabilitation of cancer patients is the family, not the best place to hospitals, family members of cancer patients to arouse love and psychological support is an essential part of cancer treatment.(D), cancer, development and transfer of a certain regularity, the main pathology of cancer can be "virtual, stasis, drugs," three words to sum up, the "triple balance therapy" is to help strength, eliminate phlegm and blood stasis , attack cancer, new anti-cancer drug combination therapy.(E), Chinese medicine is an important means to treat cancer, should always be run through the entire course of treatment, not only adapted to middle and late.(F), cancer treatment is a long, arduous, and complexity of systems engineering, physician or treatment team should have a Western physician + physicians + psychologist + in a comprehensive knowledge of social scientists.

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